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Zygote

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Zygote
Days	1

For other meanings see Zygote (disambiguation).

A zygote (from Greek ζυγωτός zugōtos "joined" or "yoked", from ζυγοῦν zugoun "to join" or "to yoke")^[1] is a cell that is the result of fertilization. That is, two haploid cells—usually an ovum from a female and a sperm cell from a male—merge into a single diploid cell called the zygote (or zygocyte).

1 Twins
2 In other species
3 References
4 See also

Twins

Twins and multiple births can be monozygotic (identical) or dizygotic (fraternal), meaning they arise from one or several (strictly, two) fertilization events. Polyspermic zygotes in mice have been manipulated so as to remove one of the two male pronuclei and made to survive birth.^[2]

In other species

A biparental zygote is a Chlamydomonas (a kind of algae) zygote that contains chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from both parents.

References

^ "English etymology of zygote". myetymology.com.
^ "Birth of normal mice after removal of the supernumerary male pronucleus from polyspermic zygotes". National Center for Biotechnology Information.

v • d • e Developmental biology > Human embryogenesis (development of embryo) and development of fetus (some dates are approximate - see Carnegie stages and a timeline)

Week 1	Fertilization - Egg activation - Zygote - Cleavage - Morula - Blastula (Blastomere) - Blastocyst - Inner cell mass

Week 2	Bilaminar disc (Hypoblast, Epiblast)

Week 3 (Trilaminar embryo, germ layers)	Archenteron/Primitive streak (Primitive pit, Primitive knot/Blastopore, Primitive groove) - Gastrula/Gastrulation - Regional specification Ectoderm: Surface ectoderm - Neuroectoderm - Somatopleure - Neurulation - Neural crest Endoderm: Splanchnopleure Mesoderm: Chorda- - Paraxial (Somite/Somitomere/Sclerotome/Myotome/Dermatome) - Intermediate - Lateral plate (Intraembryonic coelom, Splanchnopleure/Somatopleure)

Extraembryonic/uterus	Trophoblast (Cytotrophoblast, Syncytiotrophoblast) Blastocoele - Yolk sack/exocoelomic cavity - Heuser's membrane - Extraembryonic coelom - Vitelline duct Umbilical cord (Umbilical artery, Umbilical vein, Wharton's jelly) - Allantois Placenta - Decidua (Decidual cells) - Chorionic villi/Intervillous space - Gestational sac (Amnion/Amniotic sac/Amniotic cavity, Chorion)

Histogenesis	Programmed cell death (Apoptosis) - Stem cells - Germ line development

Organogenesis	Limb development: Limb bud - Apical ectodermal ridge/AER other structures: Eye development - Cutaneous structure development - Heart development - Development of the urinary and reproductive organs

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Categories: Developmental biology stubs | Developmental biology | Reproductive system

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Zygote

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Contents

Twins

In other species

References

See also